How Much Does it Really Cost to Start a Food Truck

What foodie hasn’t dreamt of trading in their nine to five toil for the culinary ambitions of setting up shop with an Instagram-worthy food truck?

If you just felt butterflies in your gut, it’s probably your die-hard enthusiasm getting the best of you and not a sign that it’s time for lunch. If thinking and pondering how much it costs to start a food truck is holding you back from your dreams, hesitate no longer. We’ve done the research and put in the sweat equity for you. Since no small business owner should jump into a $1.2 billion industry blind, we put together a handy reference guide, so you know exactly what to expect.

Since food trucks are essentially micro-restaurants on wheels, you might assume that launching a food truck business is going to cost you only a fraction of that of a traditional brick-and-mortar full-service restaurant. To a certain extent, you’re correct. But that doesn’t mean that rolling down Main Street for lunch hour in your new set of shiny wheels is going to be cheap. When starting a mobile operation, costs are going to vary (just like for any restaurant), but you can expect to pay between $28,000 and $114,000. When all’s said and done, what end of that spectrum you land on will depend on a variety of factors. Below are a few to consider.

Write a Business Plan

First things first, the food truck industry is incredibly competitive. What started as a gold rush for ambitious entrepreneurs has evolved into a more mature market. Experienced restaurateurs are flocking to space to get their slice of the pie, and even use food trucks as a tool for promoting their core brick-and-mortar restaurants.

To maximize your chance of succeeding against this level of competition, you’ll need to do a significant amount of planning. It’s essential to understand your market and the unique value you’re delivering, as well as the nuts and bolts of financing, insuring, and licensing your operation. The best way to do that is by creating a traditional business plan.

If you do it yourself, the main cost is your time, but if this is your first business venture, you might want to pay an expert to write the plan and consult on any legal and tax requirements you’ll need to comply with. The costs here can range from a few hundred dollars to several thousand, depending on the sophistication of your operation and the amount of work you need done.

The Actual Truck

It’s the most obvious of food truck startup costs. But regardless, the cost of purchasing your actual truck needs to be addressed. Like all vehicles, prices will vary. You’re going to come across the brand spanking new Lamborghini of food trucks, as well as your garden variety 1985 jalopies. Depending on whether you go the new or used route, the price of a food truck will run you anywhere from $50,000 to $200,000. Remember, this also doesn’t include the cost of decorating and outfitting the truck — such as designing and applying a truck wrap, as well as adding any additional stoves, fryers, or refrigerators your specialty food might call for. So if you’re unsure about dropping $200K on a truck, we recommend aiming for the lower end and then outfitting as needed.

You may even want to consider opening up a food cart, coffee truck or concession business rather than an actual food truck; if your specialty food allows for this type of set up. Think of a food cart or trailer as the equivalent to a pop-up store for a brick-and-mortar retailer. The start-up cost would be less and the regulations around operations for a food cart may not be as strict as they would be for a food truck.

It’s also a smart idea to talk to other food truck owners and get their perspective when it comes to buying a truck for your mobile food business. They may have an old one they’re willing to sell, rent, or lease to you. Plus, they may have connections to other truck owners that might be selling their truck.

Lastly, keep in mind that bigger may not always be better. Not only will a bigger truck typically cost more, but if yours weighs over 26,000 pounds, you will be required to have a commercial driver license to even drive it; and that can cost anywhere from $100 – $300 for the state licensing and up to a $1000 – $3000 if you’re going to throw in the added cost of commercial driver lessons to ensure you can pass a CDL road test.

Food and Other Supplies

You’ll also need to dedicate some of your startup capital towards buying the food and supplies you need to make and serve your dishes. Restaurant experts claim that your food costs should be 28% – 35% of the price you sell the product for. So, if you sell a taco for $1.00, your food cost for that taco should be $0.28 – $0.35 otherwise you risk running into cash flow issues in the future.

Insurance for the Food Truck (and business)

You heard correctly, just like for any small (or large) business, you must insure, insure, insure. Expect insurance costs for starting up your food truck to run your business about $300 and up, annually. You’ll want to make sure your food truck is covered for everything from general liability insurance to auto accidents, and foodborne illness to workers’ compensation insurance for you and your employees. For a more detailed breakdown on insurance, check out How to Insure Your Food Truck.

Licenses, Permits, and Certifications – Oh My

We can’t talk about how much does it cost to start a food truck, without talking about the licenses, permits, and certifications you’re going to need in order operate your food truck business. Besides the health department, you will have to jump through a few hoops to obtain the proper permits, but you’ll also have to pay to file for them. When outlining your food truck business plan, these items should be factored in as part of your startup cost and recurring cost, depending on how often you need to renew.

This is a tricky topic because the rules, regulations and cost vary from one state to the next and even from one city or county to the next. The best advice we can give you here is, once you have an idea of what corner of the street you want to operate, make sure you check with all local (state, city, county, borough, township etc…) jurisdictions so that you obtain the proper licensing.

On the brighter side, due to the popularity of food truck vendors, a lot of these laws, regulations, and ordinances are becoming more relaxed. Making it easier for food truck vendors to do business in their city.

SEE ALSO: 10 Tips for Starting a Successful Ice Cream Truck Business

Can you Park Anywhere with a Food Truck?

Here’s one you’ve probably never thought of before. Where can I park my food truck? And we’re not just talking about where you can park it during business hours, but also where are you going to park your food truck during off hours?

It’s no surprise that the largest food truck populations are in states that are home to some of the biggest cities in the U.S. – California and New York are ranked number #1 and #2. So, chances are, if you’re a food truck owner or thinking about investing in a food truck business, you likely live in or near a populated urban city. For you, this means that regulations are higher and space comes at a premium. Here’s what you need to consider.

Food Truck Parking During Business Hours
Since space is at such a premium in larger cities, the regulations for using said space are usually governed more rigidly than they would be in a less populated area.

Once you’ve scouted a prime location for your food truck, make sure you check with all local jurisdictions about what type of permits and licenses you need to operate, but also what’s required to have it parked. Does the space require a special lease? What are the terms of the lease and is it transferable?

Food Truck Parking During Off Hours
Once you’ve closed up truck for the day, where do you park it? If you live in the suburbs, maybe you have your own driveway where you can park the food truck at night. Which is great, because there is no additional cost to you. If you aren’t so lucky, you may have to rent or lease a space to park your food truck during non-business hours, and that can add up to a few hundred dollars per month.

Event Parking
We’re going to park this one right here because food truck events will usually cost you some green. Finding a prime location for your everyday operations is crucial to the success of your restaurant on wheels, but so is your participation in food truck events – or events that have a food truck component like the Food Truck Village at Belmont Stakes Racing Festival. Your participation at these types of events will usually cost $200 – $1000 just to attend, and some may also want a percentage of your sales. Make sure you read the fine print before you commit.

Fuel to Keep You Rolling

Another recurring cost to bear in mind is that of gas. Like many of your food truck startup costs, the cost of fuel will vary depending on the size of your truck, how much you drive, where you fill up, and any additional equipment you might use like generators. Expect to shell out between $250 and $500 monthly to keep your wheels turning and the profits coming.

POS System to Keep Lines Movings (and customers happy)

Fast-moving lines equal content customers, while content customers equate to repeat business. Back in the day, food trucks were cash-only businesses. Obviously, that is no longer the case, and that’s a good thing. As the popularity of mobile payments increases, people are increasingly starting to carry less and less cash on them. With the growing cashless trend, food trucks are recognizing that accepting cards and mobile payments have the potential to grow their profits exponentially. But to do this, you are going to need to invest in a POS system. Though the cost of a cloud-based point of sale system can vary, a reasonably priced system with reliable service is available for around $1,000 or less.

Marketing Your Food Truck Business

With the level of competition you’ll be facing, your marketing needs to be on its A game. For many food trucks, this means focusing on a killer social media presence and tasteful email marketing.

The food industry is highly visual, so marketing on a platform like Instagram makes a ton of sense. Your first priority should be to create and share stunning images of your food, but you can do far more than that. Show off your trucks branding, take photographs of customers crowding around your truck, and even share some behind-the-scenes shots. For example, Instagram’s Stories feature is great way to show the various stages involved in the preparation of a dish.

Since you’re likely to park your food truck at different locations throughout the day and week, you’ll also want to share that kind of information in real-time. Twitter and Facebook are great tools for providing this kind of quick update. They’re also powerful tools for providing more general updates to your fans. For example, if you’re going to be at a food truck gathering/festival later in the month, you can create a Facebook event and invite your fans to attend.

Lastly, you won’t want to overlook the power of email marketing. There’s no better way to communicate with a customer on a 1:1 basis than email. POS systems like ShopKeep make it easy to build your email list when ringing up a sale. You can then send these customers special offers to get them to come back for subsequent purchases, as well as general information emails.

While marketing is both powerful and essential, it isn’t free. If you use our recommendations, here are the costs you’ll want to account for:

• Your time to manage your marketing platforms or a part-time marketing hire: $10 – $25 per hour
• Custom designed email templates: $100+
• Email marketing platform subscription: $10 – $200+ per month

 
One good piece of news is that some email marketing platforms offer a free version of their software that you can use when you’re just starting out and your list is small. Most will also include free design templates to help you get started.

Hiring and Training Employees

We know that hiring employees might not be the first thing on your mind when you throw open the windows to your brand new truck, but it’s definitely something you need to keep in mind and budget for accordingly. Ideally, you want your business to grow and prosper. What that will look like is longer lines, more orders, and increased revenue. All of a sudden, the length of your lunch hour line might double, and you are going to need help (i.e. a paid employee) to help you take orders, stuff the tacos, and ring up sales.

Depending on the size of your truck and the length of your line, you might want to start with more than one employee. You’ll also want to find employees with previous food truck or restaurant experience. This can help you accelerate your learning curve and deliver the quality service your customers will love. Regardless of the size of your staff, however, expect to pay between $8 and $15 per hour for each employee.

Outside of the time and cost of finding and hiring staff, there are a few additional costs you’ll want to consider. For example, if you want your employees to wear uniforms–whether it’s something simple like a t-shirt or apron, or something more elaborate–you’ll need to buy those. Additionally, depending on your state, your employees may need to undergo food safety training and even acquire a food handlers certification.
The costs related to these items can vary significantly, based on how you want to run your business, as well as the state in which you operate.

Put Money Back in your Pocket

Finally, we want to leave you with a way to put some money back in your pocket. While there are a lot of costs that go into starting a mobile food truck business, it’s also an opportunity for you to turn the tables and make a few dollars advertising.

That’s right, as the truck owner, you can carve out a small section of real estate on your truck to use as advertisement space. Find another local business that would be a compliment to yours, or one that is also relevant to your target demographic, and sell some advertising space. You can negotiate the rate and the term to something that works for both businesses.

By no means are these food truck start-up costs all you will need to invest in when starting your food truck business. They are, however, a few of the more costly ones and should be taken into consideration when determining how much it will cost to launch your food truck. Have more questions about food trucks or starting a small business? Below is a handy reference guide to keep close by. And as always, have more questions about starting a small business? Leave them in the comments below.

Sara Sugar

As Managing Editor at ShopKeep, a leading iPad Point of Sale System, Sara Sugar uses her distinguished journalism background to boil down small business and point of sale topics.